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Site code
PLH 320013

English name:
Goleniow Refuge

Pobrzeza Poludniowobaltyckie
Ostoja Goleniowska
Area description
Ostoja Goleniowska encompasses mostly economic forests, however transformed by forestry business only to a small extent. Types of forest which grow here correspond with local soils and habitat conditions. Developing population of yew deserves a special attention. This is a species which has been almost completely thinned out. Few remaining stands are usually taken under legal protection. Here we can observe a natural recovery of the species.

Location
The refuge is located on Pobrzeze Szczecinskie (Szczecin Shoreland) within Rownina Goleniowska (Goleniow Plain). The refuge has very irregular shape - it covers fragments of the river valleys: Gowienica, Stepnica, Wolczenica, along with parts of Puszcza Goleniowska (Goleniow Primeval Forest) which surround them, all connected by natural ecologic corridors. The area is located in north-eastern side of Goleniow, around Krzywice, Glewice, Bodzecin, Wegorza.

Land Formation
It is a plain and sandy area cut by river valleys.

Ecosystem
The basic element of the landscape and the natural environment are forests which overgrow over 65% of the area. The site is dominated by pine woods because of poor and sandy soils occurring there. Apart from them we can come across forest habitats specified in 1 Appendix of the Habitats Directive, such as: alder swamp-ash alluvial forests, bog woodlands, Lazulo-Fagetum oak forests, oak-hornbeam forests and beech forests. Large diversity is also presented by open habitats, including peat bogs. There are active raised bogs, transition mires, peat substrates of the Rhynchosporion, eutrophic bogs. The system is completed by natural eutrophic lakes with Magnopotamion or Hydrocharition-type vegetation.

Because of so diversified habitat conditions the area is full of rare and endangered species of plants and animals. It is a paradise for birdlovers. It is also a bird refuge, mainly due to presence of such species like: white-tailed eagle, lesser spotted eagle, black stork, crane, corn crake, common kingfisher or great spotted woodpecker. Water habitats are inhabited, among others, by brook lamprey and white-finned gudgeon, and near the water you can meet Eurasian otter, great crested newt and many other amphibians.

The local flora is equally attractive. Here you can observe all kinds of sundew present in Poland: cape sundew,  roundleaf sundew and great sundew, marsh helleborine, broadleaf helleborine, marsh pea or honeysuckle. In waters you can find communities of plants with floating leaves - yellow lily, white lilies and candid water-lilies also draw attention.

Threats
Main threat to natural values of the area is change of eutrophic relations on peat bogs and around lakes, which leads to eutrophication of habitats and in result changes species composition of the flora. The particular example is total clearing by Zolwia Bloc peat bog. Disadvantageous changes are also caused by drainage and afforestation of peat bogs. Intensive penetration of areas of the reservoirs and watercourses triggers trampling over peat moss skin and littering the environment.

Nature Protection
The area has been incorporated to Natura 2000 European ecological network as a Site of Community Importance. Part of the area belongs to the natural landscape complex Bor Bagienny i Przybiernowskie Cisy. There has also been the Cisy Rokickie nature reserve established here. It is a forest reserve which aim is to protect a process of natural recovery of yew - a species which has been extinct in most of its natural range.

Renata Krzysciak-Kosinska