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Site code
PLH020015
English name:
Przemkow Heathland
Niziny Sasko-Luzyckie
Wrzosowisko Przemkowskie
Area description
The area of Wrzosowisko Przemkowskie refuge does not stand out as far as diversity of habitats or species is concerned. However, its protection is vital for sustaining the unique extensive heathlands. Wrzosowisko Przemkowskie is the site of community importance within Natura 2000 Ecological Network.

Location
Wrzosowisko Przemkowskie encompasses an extensive area located on the former Przemkow weapons area, southward from the town of Przemkow. 75 % of the area is covered by moors and heathland, surrounded by coniferous forest. Wrzosowiska Przemkowskie cover the area of 6606,7 ha.

Ecosystem
Valuable habitat types exist within the refuge: European dry heaths (75 %), inland dunes with open Corynephorus and Agrostis grasslands (5 % ), molinia meadows on calcareous, peaty or clavey-silt-laden soils (Molinion caeruleae) (2 %),  Bog woodland (2 % ), species-rich Nardus grasslands, on siliceous substrates in mountain areas (and submountain areas, in Continental Europe) (0,5 %).

Flora and fauna
The Word of animal and plant species is not diversified. Only four animal species from the annex II to the Habitat Directive can be observed here. These are the Barbastelle Bat, Bechstein Bat, Greater Mouse-eared Bat, which have their wintering places in bunkers near Wilkocin, and the European Fire-bellied Toad (Bombina bombina), a brightly coloured amphibian, which is listed in the Polish Red Book of Threatened Species.

Moreover, within the area of Wrzosowisko Przemkowskie 27 bird species form the annex I to the Bird Directve have been identified:

  • Red-backed Shrike,
  • Tawny Pipit,
  • Red-breasted Flycatcher,
  • Collared Flycatcher,
  • Barred Warbler,
  • Woodlark,
  • Middle Spotted Woodpecker,
  • Grey-headed Woodpecker,
  • Black Woodpecker,
  • Kingfisher,
  • Nightjar,
  • Tengmalm's Owl,
  • Eurasian Pygmy Owl,
  • Black Tern,
  • Corn Crake,
  • Spotted Crake,
  • Crane,
  • Black Grouse,
  • Capercaillie,
  • Marsh Harrier,
  • Black Kite,
  • Red Kite,
  • White-tailed Eagle,
  • Black Stork,
  • White Stork,
  • Bittern.

The world of reptiles is represented by Coronella austriaca a harmless colubrid species found in northern and central Europe, listed in the Polish Red Book of Threatened Species, and a venomous viper - Vipera Berus.

The world of plants is dominated by Calluna vulgaris the true Heather of Europe. One can also find here Blue Ground Cedar (Diphasium tristachyum) - species protected in Poland.

Threats and protection
Major threat to the refuge is it being overgrown by birch trees, which spreads rapidly suppressing the remaining habitats.

Over half of the area is included into the Przemkowski Landscape Park, which was established  in 1997 on the area of  22 338 ha. It is worth knowing that the oldest deciduous tree - Chrobry Oak, 750 years old - grows within the park.

(mag)