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Zewnetrzne Karpaty Zachodnie
Na Policy
Area description
"Na Policy" refuge is one of a few places in Poland, where one can meet grizzly bear, European lynx and grey Wolf. If you carefully listen to the sounds of forest you might hear characteristic voice of a black grouse and capercaillie. Almost the whole area of the site is overgrown by well preserved dense coniferous forest of the upper montane belt. The world of plants is extremely rich in the area. There are numerous protected and threatened species: Goat's Beard, Willow Gentian, Northern firmoss and Swiss Pine.

Location
The site includes the top part of Mount Polica (1369 m asl)  in the Beskid Zywiecki Mountains. The site lies in the eastern part of Beskid Zywiecki and covers the area of 72,6 ha

Geology and landscape
The Polica massif is built of the Magura sandstone. These are thick and medium-bedded and glauconitic or micaceosus sandstone, in some other places argillaceous and calciferous sandstone or siliceous grits. The sandstone is interbedded with grey schists.

The Massie of Babia Gora (including Polica Mt.) lies in the drainage basin of the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea. Streams and rivers from the northern slopes of Polica drain Skawica Gorna river, which flows into Skawica River (the Baltic Sea catchment), whereas streams of the southern slopes of Polica Mt.  drain Zubrzyca, which flows into Czarna Orawa (the Black Sea catchment).

Ecosystem
The greatest part of the site is covered by dense complexes of Acidophilous Picea forests of the montane to alpine levels. The world of plant species is very rich here. As many as 600 species of vascular plants, 200 species of moss and numerous lichens have been identified in the area.

Habitats important for the preservation of European biodiversity:

  • Acidophilous Picea forests of the montane to alpine levels (Vaccinio-Piceetea) 95%
  • Bushes with Pinus mugo and Rhododendron hirsutum (Mugo-Rhododendretum hirsuti) 3%
  • Hydrophilous tall herb fringe communities of plains and of the montane to alpine levels 2%

The animal world is represented by grizzly bear, European lynx, wolves, foxes, hares, wild boars and deer. Birds living within the site include: Black Grouse, Capercaillie, Hazel Grouse, Three-toed Woodpecker, Black Woodpecker, Lesser Spotted Eagle, Common Kestrel, Grey Wagtail, Eurasian Eagle Owl and Tawny Owl.

Threats
The greatest threat for the ecosystem of the site is rapid development of tourism in the area.

Nature protection
The area includes two nature reserves: Rezerwat na Policy im. prof. Z. Klemensiewicza (58.7 ha; 1972) and Na Policy (13.2 ha; 1998). The Massif of Polica neighbours with Babia Gora National Park.

Michal Kowalski